Together, these two kinds of institutions enroll well over 90 percent of all preschool-age children prior to their entrance into the formal system at first grade. Just as there are public and private kindergartens, there are both public and privately run preschools. Whereas kindergartens follow educational aims, preschools are predominately concerned with providing care for infants and toddlers. In addition to kindergartens there exists a well-developed system of government-supervised day-care centers (hoikuen 保育園), supervised by the Ministry of Labor. The 58 percent of kindergartens that are private accounted for 77 percent of all children enrolled. Kindergartens (yōchien 幼稚園), predominantly staffed by young female junior college graduates, are supervised by the Ministry of Education, but are not part of the official education system. Parents are strongly committed to early education and frequently enroll their children in preschools. Much of the home training is devoted to teaching manners, proper social behavior, and structured play, although verbal and number skills are also popular themes. Japan Early childhood education begins at home, and there are numerous books and television shows aimed at helping mothers & fathers of preschool children to educate their children and to parent more effectively. All government schools and affiliated private schools allow children who are 5 years in age as in 30th-May to enroll to standard 1 of a primary school. Pre-Primary is not mandatory however preferred. meals in most part of the country run by govt. Commencing in the 2000/01 school year, Quality Assurance Inspection was launched to further promote the development of quality Early Childhood Education. To help establish the culture of self-evaluation in kindergartens and to provide reference for the public in assessing the quality and standard of pre-primary education, the Education Bureau has developed Performance Indicators for pre-primary institutions in Hong Kong. The aim of pre-primary education in Hong Kong is to provide children with a relaxing and pleasurable learning environment to promote a balanced development of different aspects necessary to a child's development such as the physical, intellectual, language, social, emotional and aesthetic aspects. Child care centres also provide full-day and half-day services with most centres providing full-day services. Some kindergartens operate full-day kindergarten classes too. At present, most of the kindergartens operate on half-day basis offering upper, lower kindergarten classes and nursery classes. Child care centres, on the other hand, are registered with the Social Welfare Department and include nurseries, catering for children aged two to three, and creches, looking after infants from birth to two. Kindergartens, registered with the Education Bureau, provide services for children from three to six years old. Hong Kong Pre-primary Services in Hong Kong refers to provision of education and care to young children by kindergartens and child care centres.
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